Wrist Joint Anatomy
The wrist joint is an ellipsoid type of synovial joint. The wrist joint is an articulation between the lower end of radius and ulna along with Carpals (Scaphoid, Lunate and Triquetral bone).
Ligaments in Wrist joint
Palmar radiocarpal ligament: Between the lower end of radius to Scaphoid, Lunate and Triquetral bone in anterior aspect.
Palmar ulnar carpal ligament: Between the lower end of the ulna to Lunate and Triquetral bone in anterior aspect.
Dorsal radiocarpal ligament: Between the lower end of radius to Scaphoid, Lunate and Triquetral bone in posterior aspect.
Radial collateral ligament: Between the radius styloid process to Scaphoid, lateral aspect.
Ulnar collateral ligament: Between the Ulnar styloid process to Triquetral and Pisiform bone, medial aspect.
Movements in Wrist Joint
1. Flexion
2. Extension
3. Abduction (Radial deviation)
4. Adduction (Ulnar deviation)
5. Circumduction
Muscles around Wrist Joint
1. Flexor – Flexor carpi ulnaris, Flexor carpi radialis, and Palmaris longus
2. Extensor - Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis longus, and Extensor carpi radialis brevis
3. Abductor - Flexor carpi radialis, Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
4. Adductor - Flexor carpi ulnaris and Extensor carpi ulnaris.
Joint Range of Motion:
1. Flexion: 80 degree
2. Extension: 70 degree
3. Abduction: 30 degree
4. Adduction: 20 degree
Bursa’s around wrist joint:
1. Radial bursa
2. Ulnar bursa
The first Carpometacarpal joint is a saddle type of synovial joint
The metacarpophalangeal joints are the condylar type of synovial joints.
The interphalangeal joints are hinge type of synovial joints.