CPC

5 Aug 2016

Anatomy and Physiology Quiz / Answers #2

            1.      What are erythrocytes?

            Ans:  Erythrocytes are red blood cells (RBC).



            2.      What is hydrocephalus?

            Ans: Hydrocephalus is a condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) builds up within the ventricles (fluid-containing cavities) of the brain. Result in enlarging of the head.



            3.      What is arrhythmia?

            Ans: The heart beats with an irregular or abnormal rhythm.



            4.      What is type 1 diabetes mellitus?

            Ans: Body's inability to produce insulin.



            5.      What is systemic circulation?

            Ans: Systemic circulation is the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.



            6.      What is Arthralgia?

            Ans: Pain in a joint.



            7.      What is meningitis?

            Ans: Inflammation of the meninges.



            8.      What is arteriosclerosis?

            Ans: A disease in which plaque builds up inside your arteries.



            9.      What is hepatomegaly?

            Ans: Abnormal enlargement of the liver. 



            10.  What is the function of kidneys?

        Ans:  Extract waste from the blood.



            11.  What are leukocytes?

        Ans:  Leukocytes are white blood cells (WBC)



            12.  What is cholecystectomy?

         Ans: Surgical removal of the gall bladder.



            13.  What is mitral stenosis?

        Ans: Narrowing of the mitral valve in the heart.



            14.  What is the function of the pancreas?

        Ans: The pancreas has two main functions: an exocrine that helps in digestion and an endocrine function that regulates blood sugar.



            15.  What is the atrophy of muscle tissue?

        Ans: Muscle atrophy is the wasting or loss of muscle tissue.



            16.  What is the role of the appendix?

        Ans: The appendix acts as a storehouse for good bacteria, “rebooting” the digestive system after diarrheal illnesses.



            17.  What is renal calculus?

        Ans: kidney stone.



            18.  What is the function of spleen in the human body?

        Ans: Old red blood cells are recycled in the spleen, and platelets and white blood cells are stored there. 



            19.  What are thrombocytes?

        Ans: Thrombocytes are platelets



            20.  What is cardiac arrest?

        Ans: Heart stops pumping blood around your body.



            21.  What is polycythemia?

        Ans:  High red blood cell count



            22.  What is bradycardia?

        Ans: Slow heart rate.



            23.  What is the function of the liver?

        Ans: The liver detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs. The liver secretes bile



            24.  What is thrombocythemia?

        Ans: High platelet counts in the blood.



            25.  What is hematuria?

        Ans: Blood in the urine.     



            26.  What is hematemesis?

        Ans: Vomiting of blood.



            27.  What is the function of the muscles?

        Ans: Has the ability to contract and therefore move the other parts of the body.



            28.  What is oophorectomy?

        Ans: Surgical removal of one or both ovaries (ovariectomy)



            29.  What is the function of the thyroid gland?

        Ans: Thyroid gland is to make, store, and release thyroid hormones into your blood. Help to control our body functions.



            30.  What is leucopenia?        

         Ans: Decrease in the number of white blood cells.



            31.  What is hemoptysis?

        Ans: Coughing up of blood.



            32.  What is erythropoiesis?

        Ans:  The production of red blood cells.



            33.  What is thrombocytopenia?

        Ans: Deficiency of platelets in the blood.



            34.  What is cardiac murmur?

        Ans: A heart murmur is an extra or unusual sound heard during a heartbeat.



            35.  What is the function of the endocrine system?

        Ans: The endocrine system is the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, mood and sleep



            36.  What is leukocytosis?

        Ans: An increase in the number of white cells.



            37.  What is cystitis?       

        Ans: Inflammation of the urinary bladder.



            38.  What is pulmonary circulation?

        Ans: Pulmonary circulation is part of the cardiovascular system which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and return oxygenated blood back to the heart.      



            39.  What is Anemia?

        Ans:  Decreased number of red blood cells.



            40.  What is cyanosis?

        Ans: A bluish discolouration of the skin due to poor circulation.



            41.  What is pleural effusion?

         Ans: An abnormal collection of fluid in the pleural space.



            42.  What is splenomegaly?

        Ans: Abnormal enlargement of the spleen.



            43.  What is aneurysm?

        Ans: An excessive localized swelling of the wall of an artery.



            44.  What is sinusitis?

        Ans: Inflammation of a nasal sinus.



            45. What is the structure in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?

        Ans: Gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place in the 

alveoli



            46.  What is spondylolisthesis?

        Ans: The spine (vertebra) slips out of position, either forwards or backwards.



            47. What is tachypnea?

        Ans: Abnormally rapid breathing.



            48.  What is constipation?

        Ans: Difficulty in emptying the bowels



            49.  What is gangrene?

        Ans: Localized death and decomposition of body tissue.



            50.  What is hematoma?

        Ans: Clotted blood within the tissues.